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Enforcement and court cases involving customer treatment, fair lending, credit reporting, payments, servicing and redress.
The CFPB’s 2023 order addressed optional products sold with loans and interest left behind after cancellation. It required at least $10 million in consumer redress, a $10 million penalty and changes to sales and refunds.
The Federal Reserve’s 2024 action traced problems from card packaging to access to unemployment benefits and tax-refund fees. The order reached both Green Dot Bank and its parent company.
The 2015 settlement required mortgage subsidies, branches and outreach in majority-Black-and-Hispanic neighborhoods. Hudson City did not admit the allegations, and the court order was entered without factual adjudication.
A January 2025 CFPB order addressed how Equifax investigated credit-report disputes and a software error that produced inaccurate scores. It imposed a $15 million penalty and required changes to dispute handling, consumer communications and testing.
The Supreme Court held in 2021 that FTC Act Section 13(b) did not authorize restitution or disgorgement. Refunds continued from separate criminal proceedings and earlier settlements.
The CFPB alleged that Climb’s school-quality and graduate-outcome claims overstated the evidence behind its vocational loans. A December 2024 judgment restricted those claims, required changes to certain loan agreements and imposed a $950,000 penalty.
The 2013 Ally case challenged disparities in the extra interest dealers could negotiate above the lender’s rate. Its settlement, reported 2017 termination and the CFPB’s disputed 2026 rule change are separate parts of the timeline.
A 2023 CFPB order addressed inaccurate reporting of mortgage applicants’ demographic information and imposed a $12 million penalty. The agency terminated the order in June 2025 after the bank fulfilled its obligations.
Apple Card combined Apple’s interface with Goldman Sachs Bank USA’s lending and dispute work. Separate CFPB orders traced failures in that handoff and installment enrollment; Apple’s order was terminated in September 2025.
Breast-implant claims pushed a Michigan silicone producer into Chapter 11 in 1995. Its reorganization created funded settlement and litigation routes, followed by two decades of claims administration and court disputes.
A benefits-system modernization turned income discrepancies into fraud determinations. Audits, appeals and years of litigation exposed the consequences, leading to refunds and a $20 million settlement.
A 2012 case challenged what customers were told about paying old debts. The CFPB terminated this bank’s order in August 2017 after finding that it had fulfilled its obligations.
Two CFPB orders addressed separate problems in checking accounts and credit cards. The records show how repeat payment attempts, application channels and sales practices affected customers.
The CFPB closed its Bilt remediation matter in September 2026 after reporting $264,792.71 reimbursed to more than 2,000 eligible consumers. The transition involved changes to cards, balances and payment arrangements.
Courts found that CashCall collected debts borrowers did not legally owe. Appeals changed the financial remedy, and a September 2026 ruling rejected another attempt to reopen the judgment.
A 2023 court settlement addressed allegations that Citizens denied card disputes over missing affidavits and left some fees unrefunded. The case explains the difference between investigating a claim and closing a file.
The FDIC required Cross River Bank to strengthen fair-lending oversight and obtain written non-objection before specified new lending relationships or products. The bank consented without admitting or denying the charges.
The CFPB’s 2023 action concerned payments taken without the required permission and loan extensions that did not work as promised. The agency terminated the order in September 2025.
American Honda Finance agreed to a $12.8 million CFPB order after credit-reporting and dispute-handling failures. The case reaches beyond pandemic relief to errors that continued after the company identified them.
The FTC challenged how LendingClub described fees, approvals and withdrawals. An $18 million settlement funded a refund program that closed in 2024.
LendUp promised that repeat borrowing would unlock better loans. A 2016 order, a 2021 court settlement and a later consumer-payment program trace what happened when that promise failed.
FTC and Justice Department actions focused on scam payments moving through MoneyGram’s agents. The later record includes a coordinated $125 million payment, dismissal of the criminal case and a $115.8 million victim distribution.
A 2020 settlement addressed allegations that Nationstar mishandled loan modifications, escrow and mortgage insurance. The federal judgment required about $73 million in borrower relief, much of it already provided, alongside related state and bankruptcy remedies.
A contested CFPB lawsuit ended in an entered settlement requiring $100 million in redress, a $20 million penalty and federal-loan restrictions. Compensation began in February 2026 and does not cancel borrowers’ loans.
The CFPB alleged that some shoppers were enrolled in credit or charged through it without understanding their choice. The settlement required $15 million in redress, a $10 million penalty and changes from enrollment through billing disputes.
The CFPB’s 2022 action concerned purchases authorized with enough money available but charged overdraft fees when they settled later. The agency terminated the order in July 2025.
The 2014 case against the former GE Capital Retail Bank covered paid card add-ons and debt-relief offers withheld from certain borrowers. In 2025, the CFPB ended its order after reporting at least $259 million in redress and a paid $3.5 million penalty.
The CFPB’s 2024 order described inaccurate card and deposit-account reports and failures to investigate disputes. The case followed errors from bank records into information used by other institutions.
A 2023 CFPB order addressed obstacles to canceling financed extras, missing or inaccurate refunds and credit-reporting errors. The agency terminated the order in May 2025.
A misleading sanctions alert disrupted a car purchase and led to a major decision on who can seek damages in federal court. The narrowed case later settled for $9 million.
Pandemic-era account freezes left eligible recipients struggling to reach their benefits. The CFPB ordered compensation and changes in 2023, then terminated its order in September 2025; the OCC imposed a separate penalty.
The CFPB’s 2022 action connected sales pressure with accounts opened without customers’ knowledge. The bank paid a $37.5 million penalty and issued redress; the Bureau terminated the order in August 2025.
Western Union admitted failing to stop agents tied to fraud and money laundering in 2017. Its criminal case closed in 2020, while victim compensation continued into a third phase in 2026.
How delayed checks left former Chime customers without their remaining balances, what the CFPB’s 2024 consent order required, and what the public docket can establish today.
Discover’s misclassified consumer cards produced merchant overcharges; the account follows the consent orders, Capital One’s continuing obligations and the merchant settlement approved in May 2026.
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