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TOPIC GUIDE

Consumer credit

Underwriting, affordability, loan performance and consumer protections.

109 of 109 entries. Dates use publication dates for news/research and recorded source dates for policy; undated entries are excluded by date filters.

Latest news

Markets Week Ahead: October 5–9, 2026

Services activity, September Fed meeting minutes and early October consumer sentiment lead a full U.S. trading week. PepsiCo and Delta provide company-level views of household demand, while trade, consumer credit and weekly claims add detail on the economy.

Published: Oct 4, 2026

Crate & Barrel adds Affirm installments online and in stores

Crate & Barrel Holdings and Affirm announced September 29 that eligible customers at Crate & Barrel, Crate & Barrel Kids and CB2 in the United States and Canada can use Affirm online and in stores. The options include biweekly or monthly payments starting at 0% APR, subject to eligibility and product terms.

Published: Sep 29, 2026

Household financial health improves slightly, but spending pressure persists

J.D. Power’s September 28 Banking and Payments Intelligence Report finds that 63% of surveyed U.S. consumers were financially unhealthy in August, a three-percentage-point improvement. Yet 76% reported changing everyday spending to address affordability concerns, and 27% delayed discretionary purchases. The report is based on 4,000 consumers surveyed in August 2026. Its financial-health classification combines several household measures; it is not a credit-card delinquency rate.

Published: Sep 28, 2026

Oil and yields rise: credit cards and long-term installments face different pressures

Reuters’ September 28 morning report described higher oil prices and longer-dated Treasury yields following renewed uncertainty over negotiations with Iran. Its cited market snapshot was 8:40 AM Eastern, not a closing observation. Separately, Freddie Mac’s September 24 weekly survey put the average 30-year fixed mortgage rate at 7.03%, up from 6.95%. Together, the developments put funding costs and household purchasing power in focus, but they do not mean that every consumer loan reprices immediately.

Published: Sep 28, 2026

Credit Acceptance settlement puts affordability and dealer add-ons under scrutiny

Utah announced its participation in a Credit Acceptance settlement providing $694 million in cash restitution and canceled debt nationwide. The headline amount is not all cash. Utah's announcement identifies 124 affected consumers and approximately $1.9 million in state-related relief, including amounts paid directly to the state. The states alleged unaffordable lending and inadequate oversight of dealer add-on products; those allegations should remain attributed.

Published: Sep 27, 2026

Amazon UK adds short and long installment options from Affirm

Affirm announced a phased Amazon.co.uk rollout on September 23: three interest-free monthly payments or an interest-bearing plan up to 48 months, with a 22% representative fixed APR. Eligible baskets start at £50, subject to approval and exclusions.

Published: Sep 27, 2026

Deep dives

Cash-Flow Underwriting: Adoption, Performance & Risk

Cash-flow underwriting is already used in bank, CDFI, merchant and mortgage workflows. This expanded review maps adopters and motives, separates historical adoption statistics from live coverage, examines predictive and adverse evidence, and explains affordability, operational, economic and governance risks.

Published: Oct 4, 2026

Official policy

Allowances for Credit Losses — July 2026 handbook revision

Transmits version 2.0 of the allowance handbook under ASC Topic 326, replacing the 2021 booklet and older loan-and-lease-loss material. Reflects CECL adoption and the April 2023 interagency allowance-policy revisions.

Source date: Jul 16, 2026

ECOA / Regulation B — April 2026 final amendments

Final amendments addressing disparate impact, discouragement and special-purpose credit programs. The Federal Register specifies July 21, 2026 as the effective date; the CFPB’s current ECOA resource page links this action. Read the amended text when using older fair-lending examination materials.

Source date: Apr 22, 2026

Buy now, pay later — OCC risk-management guidance

Covers loans with four or fewer installments and no finance charge, including repayment capacity, fraud, refunds and partner oversight. Reputation-risk references were removed March 20, 2025. Its older model-risk citation should be read alongside the replacement SR 26-2 guidance.

Source date: Dec 6, 2023

Debt collection — CFPB examination procedures

March 2022 procedures incorporate Regulation F and cover communications, debt validation, information sharing, payment processing and account maintenance. Examination scope determines the modules used.

Source date: Mar 1, 2022

OCC — Retail Lending handbook

Retail lending strategy, underwriting, portfolio monitoring, collections and controls; useful context for roll rates and risk-adjusted pricing.

Source date: Oct 28, 2021

Responsible small-dollar lending — interagency principles

Principles for responsibly offering small-dollar credit, with attention to successful repayment, clear terms and sound risk management. Provides product-design context alongside applicable consumer-credit rules.

Source date: May 20, 2020

Interest Rate Risk — Comptroller’s Handbook

Explains repricing, basis, yield-curve and option risk and the management of those exposures. Supports analysis of variable-rate cards, fixed-rate installments and funding-cost sensitivity.

Source date: Mar 26, 2020

Alternative data in credit underwriting — interagency statement

Addresses consumer-protection opportunities and risks from alternative underwriting data, including cash-flow data. Encourages analysis of applicable laws and compliance controls before deployment; it does not exempt a model from consumer-protection requirements.

Source date: Dec 3, 2019